Our grandmothers said: “Children need to be brought up, when they fit freely across the bed, then you can only reap the benefits”. In this wisdom lies the main idea - the process must begin from the first days after birth.
Psychologists largely support this vision of the situation. Today we offer to get acquainted with the advice of specialists in the issue of education from the first days to three years.
In the process of publication, you will learn the basics of the psychology of young members of society, learn behavioral patterns and basic tasks, as well as possible mistakes that young mothers often make in raising young boys and girls.
Features of child rearing
The first tooth, the first smile, the first word and many more first joys await young parents. But at the same time caring grandmothers, sophisticated neighbors and girlfriends, push the crumbs of their parents to “start upbringing.”
Such attacks lead to panic and the creation of the "only true" from the point of view of inexperienced parents, a system of prohibitions. The result is disobedience, whims and tears.
Meanwhile, psychologists have long since brought out the main theses (advice) - raising children from 0 to 3 years old, methods and tasks, behavioral peculiarities and peaceful ways of solving conflict situations in the process of education. We offer to get acquainted with them.
How to raise a child correctly - the best advice of a psychologist
Psychology tips: in the first days of life and up to three months, inclusive, is the time for initial development. AT this period needs to be taught:
- hold the head;
- sleep without nipples (pacifiers) independently and without motion sickness;
- learn to entertain yourself;
- learn hygiene basics.
In the second period (from 3 to 6 months), he comprehends the visual, sensory and sound worldview.
Then (at 6–9 months), babies become more mobile and curious, so the time for initial physical training comes.
After that, it is already possible to develop memory (at 9-12 months), he will gradually learn to walk, communicate with others, hold a spoon, etc. All this is a kind of foundation for the further education of a happy person.
Raising a child 3–4 years deserves separate recommendations, but the main thing remains the same - both parents (mom and dad) should pay attention to and take an active part in their upbringing. Psychologists insist that you need to constantly talk with them, explain truths that are incomprehensible to them, show the right actions by example, etc.
Raising a child 3 years old features
The first age crisis according to the conclusion of specialists is three years. During this period, children are characterized by whims, a desire to command their elders or otherwise express their individuality.
It is important to understand that the moral and physical upbringing of a child at 3 and 4 years old recommendations depend on the age characteristics of development and behavior. What advice do psychologists give?
Methods of education and training of children 3 and 4 years
Psychology of education is a whole science, but even it is not able to teach how to raise your children properly. It is only the basis, the rest will be prompted by the baby himself. It must be felt and understood, otherwise you can only do harm.
It is important to understand that each baby is individual and cannot be tied to one single education program. Psychologist's advice is to define goals and tasks, study several programs and take with each only the most important thing that will really help to create a harmonious personality.
Here is the most common good bookswhich can help you get more familiar with this topic:
1. Read earlier than talk - author N. Zaitsev.
2. Learning to understand the baby - Cecile Lupan.
3. We educate every minute - L. Breslavsky.
4. Healthy and smart children (intensive education) - the Nikitin family (Elena and Boris).
5. Humane pedagogy - Shalva Amonashvili.
It is impossible not to take into account the peculiarities of the family, for example, in a military family, children from an early age bring up a patriotic mood and determine the respective tasks, for children who have no father, are given a female education (mothers, grandmothers), etc.
Psychology tips are reduced to the main truth - it is important not to miss the main thing, to take into account the personality and individuality.
Raising independence in children - advice from a psychologist
Psychologists point out two extremes that prevent children from fully developing - indifference and hyper-care. The result - children grow up infantile, incapable of making independent decisions, closed and lacking any desires and aspirations.
To avoid such problems psychologists give the following advice:
- Encourage their activity from the first years of life in terms of self-service and / or assistance to parents, or other activities.
- To be patient and in no case to criticize, and even more so, not to compare with other more successful children.
- Allow yourself to make decisions and be ready for responsibility for them.
- Allow you to make your own mistakes.
- Do not protect from all the troubles, for example, in a sandbox or kindergarten, they often conflict. It is not necessary to protect from the ability to adapt to society, in which later he will have to live.
- Allow yourself to take part in important family matters, such as planning weekends or family trips.
- Allow yourself to choose clothes.
Mistakes in the education of boys and girls
1. It is wrong to follow patterns and stereotypes in behavior. It is important, regardless of gender, to respect feelings and desires. If the girl is very mobile and the image of a little robber is closer to her (such girls may lack assiduity, they often fight, etc.), you should not tell her that her behavior is peculiar only to a naughty boy. Likewise, you should not blame the boy for crying like a girl after a bruise (men do not cry, then this behavior is unacceptable).
2. You can not compare with others, it brings up an inferiority complex.
3. Do not properly dismiss, he should not hear the expression: go away, do not bother, leave me alone and the like. The main feature of behavior is curiosity, it must be satisfied always and under any circumstances. We can say: let's talk about this later, now I am not ready to talk about it, etc.
4. You can not focus on the defect of appearance, it is better to focus on features, uniqueness.
5. It is impossible to inculcate exclusively your own idea of right and wrong - they must have a choice. However, respect for the opposite sex and for oneself must be encouraged and developed.
And, most importantly, you should always love your children, express this feeling in all available ways: hug and kiss more often, say words of support, encourage all undertakings, etc. In this case, you will be able to grow a happy person and give him a decent start in this life.
