Belena - general description
Belena (rabies, fading, dope grass) is a poisonous plant belonging to the nightshade family. During
the first year, an shoot is formed, which is a rosette of elongated oval-shaped leaves, most often dark green. In the second year, the stem begins to grow, which reaches a height of 20-115 cm, has soft stem leaves with sticky glandular hairs and an extremely unpleasant smell.
The flower is quite large, has a funnel-shaped dirty yellowish corolla and a bell-shaped cup. The fruit in the form of a pitcher box 21-32 mm long opens at the top with a spherical lid, resembles a cup with spread teeth. It blooms throughout the summer, the fruits appear in late August.
Belena - types and places of growth
There are 20 types of bleached, some of them: white, Czech, Kopetdag, white, black, tiny, black, etc. In Europe and Asia, black is the most common.
This plant is distributed almost everywhere. It can be found in the Caucasus, in the European part, Siberia, in the Crimea, as well as in some temperate climatic zones of Asia and North America. Most often, black bleached can be found along roads, along the sides of ditches and river banks, on shallows, pastures, near wintering cattle, on the outskirts of vineyards, less often in orchards and vegetable gardens. Scattered small groups of ruderal weed do not form large thickets. Improving the crop culture led to the fact that the spread of weed decreased and some areas (Voronezh and Novosibirsk) included it in the list of industrial crops.
Belena - dosage forms
In medicine, atropine alkaloids are used, which are contained in all organs of the plant, as well as bleached oil (Oleum hyoscyami) extracted from seeds and leaves with oleic, linolenic and other acids. The leaves of the plant are rich in routine.
Belena - healing properties
Although preparations of belem are not prescribed on a large scale, the list of diseases in which there is a need to use these drugs is quite extensive.
These are bronchial asthma (Astmatin, Astmatol, Efatin), peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum, gallstone disease, cholecystitis, pylorospasm, spasm of the intestine and urinary tract, hepatic and renal colic. Hyoscyamine is a bleached alkaloid. It is used in Aeron tablets as an antiemetic in air travel. This plant is used as part of ointments for the external treatment of pleurisy and cough, with bone tuberculosis.
Belena - recipes
The medicinal effect of bleached was known in ancient times. With inflammation of the oral cavity, our ancestors twisted dry leaves of bleached in the form of cigars and smoked, holding smoke in the mouth.
Belem is widely used in the external treatment of neuralgia, rheumatism, gout. For this, fresh leaves are moistened in ammonia and (1: 1), and infused in sunflower oil, after which they rub sore spots with this composition.
Prescription for gastrointestinal diseases:
1 teaspoon of leaves pour boiling water (0.5 l) and insist for an hour. Use for pain 1 tbsp. spoon before meals 3 times a day.
It must be remembered that all parts of bleached have a poisonous beginning. Mild poisoning is manifested by dry mouth and speech disturbance, photophobia and redness of the skin appears. Delusions and hallucinations are accompanied by tachycardia and a complete loss of orientation.
In severe poisoning, convulsions and the onset of coma are possible. Death can occur as a result of paralysis of the respiratory system and vascular insufficiency.
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