Holidays august 22
Russian Flag Day
For the first time, a three-color Russian flag was hoisted above the White House in Moscow in 1991. The red flag was forever lowered, it was replaced by a flag with three stripes - white, azure, scarlet. This coloring appeared for the first time under Peter the Great; in the 18th century, by his decree, all sorts of vessels of the Russian fleet raised such flags, modeled on the first Russian warship Eagle. But Peter the Great himself traced the tricolor pattern. It is believed that each color of the flag has its own special meaning. Some versions explain the colors in this way: white - freedom, blue - the Virgin, who is considered the patroness of Russia, and red - courage and courage, generosity.
Komi Republic Day
Few people know that the Komi-Zyryans are different from the Komi-Permians. In the 15th century, a region officially included in Russia, which was included at different times in different provinces - Arkhangelsk, Vologda, Vyatka. After the 1917 revolution, a declaration of the rights of the peoples of Russia was adopted, according to which the region of residence of a small nation was first transformed into an autonomous region, and then into an autonomous republic of Komi. Representatives of Komi were able to gather from different counties in one region, and already 5 years after the transformation, the republic was inhabited by 90% only Komi. The alphabet of the Komi people was created, a national intelligentsia was formed. In the republic, the language of the people has a status along with the Russian language.
Folk calendar August 22
The memory of the Apostle Matthew, who replaced Judas Iscariot
Another name for this holiday is Matthew Zmeesos. Only once is the name of the saint mentioned in the apostolic book - when the election of the apostle instead of Judas was held at the suggestion of Peter. Two people were suitable for these acts - Matthew and Joseph Warsaw. According to legend, decided all the ordinary lot. Other information about Matthew was obtained from later sources compiled by Dmitry Rostovsky. Matthew witnessed the descent of the Holy Spirit to earth, and then became a preacher. He died for faith, condemned by the Sanhedrin to death.
Matthew's day is believed to be very dangerous - snakes can suck on a cow's udder and suck out all the milk. On this day, it is especially necessary to carefully monitor the cattle, and if possible, do not let it out. They also observe customs during milking - they do not put the milking parlor on a special milking chair, they try to milk the cow without witnesses in order to avoid the evil eye. Obviously, autumn is approaching - the air is cooling, summer rain interrupts the heat. Matthew admits bad weather - so it is believed among the people.
Historical events of August 22
August 22, 1864 - Signing of the first Geneva Convention
The first of the four conventions signed in Geneva relates to the fate of the wounded and sick during hostilities. Similar agreements between states have been encountered since the 16th century. During the war in Italy, Henri Dunant witnessed the severe torment of wounded soldiers after the Battle of Solferino and took the initiative to sign the convention. Rules were developed for all parties to the convention prescribing conduct for wounded in military conflicts.
It became possible to establish societies that could voluntarily take care of the wounded during the war. Thus, the foundations of the formation and work of the International Society of the Red Cross were laid. The First Geneva Convention prescribes the provision of assistance to the wounded regardless of the side of the confrontation. Hospitals and equipment became inviolable, a special sign was also chosen - a cross and a red crescent on a white background.
August 22, 1922 - opening of the first theater festival in Salzburg
Since then, for the past 90 years, the festival has not only held a show of theatrical achievements, but you can hear the best music. The birthplace of the famous classical composer Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart presents concerts of the most famous collectives and major conductors of the 20th century. Russian groups and composers began to participate in the festival since 1928.
August 22, 1941 to the contentment of the military of the Red Army was put vodka.
It was the birthday of those same "People’s 100 grams." The decision on the daily issuance of 100 grams of 40-degree vodka to fighters was signed by Joseph Stalin himself. Anastas Mikoyan gave much strength and attention to providing soldiers. The norms for issuing vodka changed slightly, and the range of military categories available to the cherished hundred grams also changed. A radical change during the war in 1943 brought the final decree - the fighters at the front were given 100 grams, the rest received 50 grams.
August 22, 2004 - The signing of the Law by the President of Russia on preferential payments.
Changes and additions concerned 6 codes and many legislative acts. The purpose of the federal law is to distinguish and consolidate guarantees for citizens in the framework of consolidating local self-government. Previously approved government obligations have been revised. The existing differences were eliminated, targeted assistance to the disabled and veterans was strengthened. Instead of benefits, compensation was paid, but the law caused a great public outcry. On the one hand, protests were observed, on the other, support was given to innovations.
Born on August 22
Ray Bradbury (1920 - 2012) - American science fiction writer
Raymond Douglas Bradbury decided to become a writer at the age of 12, and with great perseverance he pursued his goal. Recognition did not come to him right away, at one time he even had to live off his wife. His first works: Martian Chronicles, 451 degrees Fahrenheit. He achieved real fame - the whole world knows him as a writer with great imagination, although his work can be attributed to extra-genre literature.
Irina Skobtseva born (1927) - Russian actress
Her first film debut brought her the Cannes Film Festival Award. Desdemona, played in the movie Othello, made her Miss Charm of the Cannes Film Festival. In the movie of her husband Sergei Bondarchuk, she "War and Peace" she played Helen Bezukhov. Today, the People’s Artist of the USSR, winner of many awards and awards, continues her work in Moscow.
Claude Debussy - (1862-1918) - French composer and pianist, conductor.
Claude Debussy was able to embody in music his impressions of impressionist painting, Russian poetry and music, the fragility of moods and sophistication and sophistication. His works - the opera Pelléas et Mélisande and others had a great influence on the development of musical taste among many composers of that time and who worked somewhat later - Prokofiev, Stravinsky, Puccini, Bartok and many others.
Mikhail Yaroshevsky (1915 - 2002) - psychologist and historian of Russia
Psychological sciences were persecuted during the Soviet era, their development was inhibited in every possible way and followers were stigmatized. Despite the fact that he defended his doctoral dissertation in Moscow at the chair of psychology, Mikhail Yaroshevsky had to fight almost his whole life, move to Tajikistan because of the inability to develop science in the center of the country. He organized the Department of Psychology in Tajikistan, as well as a laboratory for the study of psychological sciences.
Name day on August 22
Alexey, Leonty, Makar, Ivan, Irina, Peter, Samuel, Gregory, Dmitry, Maria, Julian, Jacob.
